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远程教育与软技术
The "Soft" Technology of Distance Education |
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But distance education is not only about devices and equipment. In his keynote address at TechEd99 on 22 April 1999, Sir John Daniel, Vice-Chancellor of the British Open University (and concurrently ex officio President of the United States Open University) said that "The 'soft' technologies of organisation and process are more important than the 'hard' technologies of electrons and bytes." He defined technology as "...the application of scientific and other organized knowledge to practical tasks by organizations consisting of people and machines." In this definition, technology is not limited to an applied science. It includes non-scientific knowledge and activities such as managerial skills and involves people and social elements, the "soft" technologies that make up distance education including the processes, approaches, and planning that focus on applications of the technology and implications for teaching, learning, interaction, organization, and management.
Distance education is a system of relationships among instructional, technical, and management components that take into consideration distance learners and implications for course or program design, and the learners themselves. This systematic way of thinking about distance education recognizes interconnectivity.
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